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How to create columns in a QML ListView/ja

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QML の ListView で列(Column)を作る方法

その列のデータの幅に応じたサイズの複数の列を、DOC:ListView に作る方法の一つを説明します。

通常、ListView 内の DOC:Row 要素は以下のように表示されます。

ListView of Row elements

Row 要素では幅を設定しながら各列を作成することができます。

ListView with columns

文字列の幅の取得

QML にはフォントメトリックスはありません。しかし、JavaScript で DOC:Text 要素を動的に生成することで、文字列の幅を取得することができます。

 // 一時的な Text 要素を作成
 var textElement = Qt.createQmlObject('import Qt 4.7; Text { text: "' + text + '"}',
 parent, "calcTextWidth");

// textElement.width で文字列(text)の幅を取得

// 一時要素を破棄
 textElement.destroy()

ListView に列を作る

列の幅は JavaScript でモデルから計算し、モデルの要素名を鍵としてマップに保存します。ListView のデリゲート(delegate)でその幅を用います。

main.qml

ListView のデモ用の簡単な UI です。DOC:Rectangle 要素は単にコンテナとして使われていて、各行で表示するのと同じ色を設定してます。columnWidths プロパティにはデリゲートで利用する各列の幅を計算した結果を格納します。

import Qt 4.7
import "ColumnHelper.js" as ColumnHelper

Rectangle {
 width: 620
 height: 200
 color: "#bebebe"

ListView {
 id: list
 property variant columnWidths: ColumnHelper.calcColumnWidths(model, list)
 anchors.fill: parent
 model: MovieModel { }
 delegate: MovieItem { }
 }

}

ColumnHelper.js

Text 要素の最大幅を計算するための簡単な JavaScript 関数です。各列の全てのデータで最大幅を計算し、結果を列の名前を鍵としたマップに格納して返します。

var columns = {}

function calcColumnWidths(model, parent)
{
 for (var i = 0; i < model.count; +''i)
 {
 var data = model.get(i)
 for (var key in data)
 {
 if (!columns[key]) {
 columns[key] = 0
 }

 var textElement = Qt.createQmlObject(
 'import Qt 4.7;'
'' 'Text {'
 + ' text: "' + data[key] + '" '
 + '}',
 parent, "calcColumnWidths")

columns[key] = Math.max(textElement.width, columns[key])
 textElement.destroy()
 }
 }
 return columns
}

MovieItem.qml

ListView のデリゲートです。list(main.qml) の columnWidths を使って、各列の幅を設定します。

import Qt 4.7

Component {
 Item {
 id: item
 width: parent.width - 15
 height: row.height

function altColor(i) {
 var colors = [ "#bebebe", "#b7b7b7" ];
 return colors[i];
 }

Rectangle {
 id: background
 width: parent.width + 15
 height: parent.height
 color: altColor(index%2)
 }

Row {
 id: row
 width: parent.width
 spacing: 5
 Item {
 // Indent a little
 width: 5
 height: 1
 }
 Text {
 width: list.columnWidths['title']
 text: model.title
 color: "blue"
 }
 Loader { sourceComponent: columnSeparator; height: parent.height }
 Text {
 width: list.columnWidths['year']
 text: model.year
 }
 Loader { sourceComponent: columnSeparator; height: parent.height }
 Text {
 width: list.columnWidths['rank']
 text: model.rank
 }
 Loader { sourceComponent: columnSeparator; height: parent.height }
 Text {
 width: list.columnWidths['votes']
 text: model.votes
 }
 Loader { sourceComponent: columnSeparator; height: parent.height }
 Text {
 width: list.columnWidths['composer']
 text: model.composer ? model.composer : ""
 }

Component {
 id: columnSeparator
 Rectangle {
 width: 1
 color: "black"
 opacity: 0.3
 }
 }
 }
 }
}

MovieModel.qml

インターネット・ムービー・データベース( http://www.imdb.com )から取得した情報をモデルにしたものです。

import Qt 4.7

ListModel {
 ListElement {
 votes: 532564
 rank: 9.2
 title: "The Shawshank Redemption"
 year: 1994
 composer: "Newman, Thomas"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 419312
 rank: 9.1
 title: "The Godfather"
 year: 1972
 composer: "Rota, Nino"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 251290
 rank: 9.0
 title: "The Godfather: Part II"
 year: 1974
 composer: "Rota, Nino"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 225000
 rank: 8.9
 title: "Inception"
 year: 2010
 composer: "Zimmer, Hans"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 165033
 rank: 8.9
 title: "Il buono, il brutto, il cattivo."
 year: 1966
 composer: "Morricone, Ennio"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 426752
 rank: 8.9
 title: "Pulp Fiction"
 year: 1994
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 282473
 rank: 8.9
 title: "Schindler's List"
 year: 1993
 composer: "Williams, John"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 122919
 rank: 8.9
 title: "12 Angry Men"
 year: 1957
 composer: "Hopkins, Kenyon"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 219739
 rank: 8.8
 title: "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest"
 year: 1975
 composer: "Nitzsche, Jack"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 476112
 rank: 8.8
 title: "The Dark Knight"
 year: 2008
 composer: "Zimmer, Hans"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 283354
 rank: 8.8
 title: "Star Wars: Episode V - The Empire Strikes Back"
 year: 1980
 composer: "Williams, John"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 371790
 rank: 8.8
 title: "The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King"
 year: 2003
 composer: "Shore, Howard"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 98799
 rank: 8.8
 title: "Shichinin no samurai"
 year: 1954
 composer: "Hayasaka, Fumio"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 326619
 rank: 8.7
 title: "Star Wars"
 year: 1977
 composer: "Williams, John"
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 234582
 rank: 8.7
 title: "Goodfellas"
 year: 1990
 }
 ListElement {
 votes: 170874
 rank: 8.7
 title: "Casablanca"
 year: 1942
 composer: "Steiner, Max"
 }
}